Diplomacia e Relações Internacionais
Eurozone debt web: who owes what to whom?
BBC, 18/11/2011
The circle below shows the gross external, or foreign, debt of some of the main players in the eurozone as well as other big world economies. The arrows show how much money is owed by each country to banks in other nations. The arrows point from the debtor to the creditor and are proportional to the money owed as of the end of June 2011. The colours attributed to countries are a rough guide to how much trouble each economy is in.
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Diplomacia e Relações Internacionais
Quem deve a quem, na Europa?- uma teia de devedores e credores
Eurozone debt web: who owes what to whom?
BBC, 18/11/2011
The circle below shows the gross external, or foreign, debt of some of the main players in the eurozone as well as other big world economies. The arrows show how much money is owed by each country to banks in other nations. The arrows point from the debtor to the creditor and are proportional to the money owed as of the end of June 2011. The colours attributed to countries are a rough guide to how much trouble each economy is in.
ABOUT
Click on a country name to see who they owe
Europe is struggling to find a way out of the eurozone crisis amid mounting debts, stalling growth and widespread market jitters. After Greece, Ireland, and Portugal were forced to seek bail-outs, Italy - approaching an unaffordable cost of borrowing - has been the latest focus of concern.
But, with global financial systems so interconnected, this is not just a eurozone problem and the repercussions extend beyond its borders.
While lending between nations presents little problem during boom years, when a country can no longer handle its debts, those overseas banks and financial institutions that lent it money are exposed to losses. This could not only unsettle the home country of those banks, but could, in turn, spread the troubles across the world.
So, in the tangled web of inter-country lending, who owes what to whom? Click on a country in the circle to find out what they owe to banks in other countries, as well to find out their total foreign debt, including that owed by governments, monetary authorities, banks and companies.
Notes on the data: The Bank for International Settlements data, represented by the proportional arrows, shows what banks in one country are owed by debtors - both government and private - in another country. It does not include non-bank debts. Only key eurozone debtors and their top creditors are shown. Although China is known to hold European debt, no comprehensive figures are available.
GDP figures are the latest complete 2010 figures from the IMF. The percentage of gross government debt to GDP is also the latest IMF calculation.
Overall gross external (or foreign) debt is taken from the latest 2011 World Bank/IMF figures and includes all debt owed overseas, including that owed by governments, monetary authorities, banks and companies. Gross external debt per head of population is calculated using the latest medium variant population figures from the UN Population Division.
Read the answers to frequently asked questions here.
You can see more interactive features and graphics and follow us on Twitter.
US
GDP: €10.8 tnForeign debt: €10.9 tn
€35,156Foreign debt per person
101%Foreign debt to GDP
100%Govt debt to GDP
Risk Status:LOW
Although the US's overseas debt almost equates to its annual GDP, it is still regarded as a safe bet. However, its credit rating has been downgraded. Although Asia - primarily China and Japan - holds the majority of US debt, Europe has the second largest percentage. This means whatever happens in the eurozone will have a deep impact on the US banking system. Within Europe, the UK, Switzerland and France hold the largest amount of US debt, amounting to hundreds of billions of dollars.
FRANCE- SPAIN
- PORTUGAL
- ITALY: €37.6 bn
- IRELAND
- GREECE
- JAPAN: €79.8 bn
- GERMANY: €123.5 bn
- UK: €227 bn
- US: €202.1 bn
FRANCE
GDP: €1.8 tnForeign debt: €4.2 tn
€66,508Foreign debt per person
235%Foreign debt to GDP
87%Govt debt to GDP
Risk Status:MEDIUM
Europe's second biggest economy is greatly exposed to the eurozone's troubled debtors. Its banks hold large amounts of Greek, Italian and Spanish debt. This is causing market turbulence, especially against a backdrop of faltering French growth and low consumer spending.
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- 1998 Crisis And Now: Differences And Similarities - Ye Xie (bloomberg News)
Why 1998 Was Different, and Same, to Emerging-Market Crisis NowBy Ye Xie Bloomberg News, December 15, 2014Oil prices were tanking. Emerging-market currencies were in a freefall. Venezuela was mired in a financial crisis and Russia had sunk into a...
- O Brasil Ainda Continua Como Credor Liquido Do Mundo? Duvidas A Respeito... - Financial Times
Brazil: net debtor to the world Jonathan Wheatley Financial Times, January 16, 2014 How well protected is Brazil against external shocks? Perhaps not as well as is commonly thought. It has been a proud boast of Brasília for several years...
- Eua: Alerta Laranja Nas Contas Públicas...
Tempos keynesianos: os tecnocratas não apenas não se preocupam com a dívida pública, como confessam alegremente que pretendem fazer mais. U.S. will hit debt limit on Dec. 31, Treasury saysThe U.S. government will exhaust its borrowing authority on...
- Os Paises Balticos, A Irlanda E A Italia E A Espanha: Licoes Da Crise
The Baltic states and Ireland are not a model for Italy and Spain Simon Tilford Centre for European Reform, 27 January 2012 Eurozone policy-makers – from President Sarkozy and Wolfgang Schäuble to the former President of the ECB, Jean-Claude Trichet...
- Impossible Growth - Kenneth Rogoff
Too Much Debt Means the Economy Can’t Grow Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff Bloomberg News, July 14, 2011 As public debt in advanced countries reaches levels not seen since the end of World War II, there is considerable debate about the urgency of...